Secondary Short-Range Wireless Assist for Wireless-Based Access Control

ABSTRACT

Concepts and technologies disclosed herein are directed to secondary short-range wireless assist for wireless-based access control. According to one aspect, a method can include receiving, at an access control system, a first identifier via a near-field communications (“NFC”) reader associated with an entryway to an area. The NFC reader can receive the first identifier from an NFC component of a mobile device. The method can include receiving, at the access control system, a second identifier via a wireless transceiver associated with the area. The wireless transceiver associated with the area can receive the second identifier from a wireless communication component of the mobile device after the mobile device has entered the area through the entryway. The method can also include determining, by the access control system, that the first identifier and the second identifier constitute an authentication pair that identifies the mobile device as being authenticated to access the area.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.14/032,280, entitled “Secondary Short-Range Wireless Assist forWireless-Based Access Control,” filed Sep. 20, 2013, now allowed, whichis incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

BACKGROUND

The concepts and technologies disclosed herein generally relate toauthentication technologies for access control. More specifically, theconcepts and technologies disclosed herein relate to secondaryshort-range wireless assist for wireless-based access control.

Near-field communications (“NFC”) is an inductive coupling technologythat allows inductive circuits to share power and data over a distanceof a few centimeters. Some mobile devices, such as smartphones, use anNFC component to enable communications with other NFC devices. Forexample, a smartphone equipped with an NFC component can connect to apayment terminal to facilitate a contactless payment transaction. Inthis manner, payments can be made without the need for a physical creditcard, debit card, or cash. NFC is also used in a variety of otherapplications.

SUMMARY

Concepts and technologies disclosed herein are directed to secondaryshort-range wireless assist for wireless-based access control. Accordingto one aspect disclosed herein, NFC technology is utilized incombination with a secondary wireless technology, such as, but notlimited to, BLUETOOTH, BLUETOOTH low energy, ZIGBEE, or WI-FI, forphysical access control to an area. According to another aspectdisclosed herein, NFC technology is utilized in combination with asecondary wireless technology for information access control to acomputing device. According to another aspect disclosed herein, NFCtechnology is utilized in combination with a secondary wirelesstechnology for information access control to a vehicle and/or componentsthereof. Although embodiments disclosed herein are primarily describedin context of NFC technologies as a primary access control mechanism incombination with a short-range wireless technology, such as, but notlimited to, BLUETOOTH, BLUETOOTH low energy, ZIGBEE, or WI-FI, as asecondary access control mechanism, additional embodiments in which boththe primary and the secondary access control mechanisms utilize ashort-range wireless technology, such as, but not limited to, BLUETOOTH,BLUETOOTH low energy, ZIGBEE, or WI-FI are contemplated.

According to one aspect of the concepts and technologies disclosedherein, a method is disclosed. The method can include receiving, at anaccess control system, a first identifier via an NFC reader associatedwith an entryway to an area. The NFC reader can receive the firstidentifier from an NFC component of a mobile device. The method caninclude receiving, at the access control system, a second identifier viaa wireless transceiver associated with the area. The wirelesstransceiver associated with the area can receive the second identifierfrom a wireless communication component of the mobile device after themobile device has entered the area through the entryway. The method canalso include determining, by the access control system, that the firstidentifier and the second identifier constitute an authentication pair,where the authentication pair identifies the mobile device as beingauthenticated to access the area.

In some embodiments, the method can also include receiving, at theaccess control system, a third identifier via the wireless transceiverassociated with the area, wherein the wireless transceiver associatedwith the area receives the third identifier from a further wirelesscommunication component of a further mobile device; and determining, bythe access control system, that a fourth identifier was not received viathe near field communication reader. The fourth identifier and the thirdidentifier may constitute a second authentication pair, and the secondauthentication pair identifies the further mobile device as beingauthenticated to access the area. The mobile device may be associatedwith a user and the further mobile device may be associated with afurther user. The further user may attempt to access the area bytailgating the user through the entryway to the area. In someembodiments, the method can also include storing a flag in associationwith the further mobile device and the further user in a user database.The further user may be reprimanded as a result of the flag.

In some embodiments, the method can also include generating a wirelesscomponent activation signal, and causing the wireless componentactivation signal to be sent to the mobile device to cause the mobiledevice to activate the wireless communication component. The wirelesscomponent activation signal may be generated in response to detectingthat the mobile device has traversed a geo-fence border. Alternatively,the wireless component activation signal may be generated in response toreceiving the first identifier via the near field communication reader.

It should be appreciated that the above-described subject matter may beimplemented as a computer-controlled apparatus, a computer process, acomputing system, or as an article of manufacture such as acomputer-readable storage medium. These and various other features willbe apparent from a reading of the following Detailed Description and areview of the associated drawings.

This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in asimplified form that are further described below in the DetailedDescription. This Summary is not intended to identify key features oressential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intendedthat this Summary be used to limit the scope of the claimed subjectmatter. Furthermore, the claimed subject matter is not limited toimplementations that solve any or all disadvantages noted in any part ofthis disclosure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating aspects of an illustrativeoperating environment for various concepts disclosed herein.

FIG. 2 is a flow diagram illustrating aspects of a method for providingphysical access control to an area, according to an illustrativeembodiment.

FIG. 3 is a flow diagram illustrating aspects of a method for remotelyactivating a wireless component of a mobile device via a locationservice, according to an illustrative embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a flow diagram illustrating aspects of a method for remotelyactivating a wireless component of a mobile device, according to anillustrative embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a flow diagram illustrating aspects of a method for monitoringan area for tailgating activity, according to an illustrativeembodiment.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating aspects of another illustrativeoperating environment for various concepts disclosed herein.

FIG. 7 is a flow diagram illustrating aspects of a method forinformation access control to a computing device, according to anillustrative embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating aspects of another illustrativeoperating environment for various concepts described herein.

FIG. 9 is a flow diagram illustrating aspects of a method for accesscontrol to a vehicle, according to an illustrative embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating an example computer systemcapable of implementing aspects of the embodiments presented herein.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating an example mobile device capableof implementing aspects of the embodiments disclosed herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following detailed description is directed to secondary short-rangewireless assist for wireless-based access control. According to oneaspect disclosed herein, near-field communications (“NFC”) technology isutilized in combination with a secondary wireless technology, such as,but not limited to, BLUETOOTH, BLUETOOTH low energy, ZIGBEE, or WI-FI,for physical access control to an area. According to another aspectdisclosed herein, NFC technology is utilized in combination with thesecondary wireless technology for information access control to acomputing device. According to another aspect disclosed herein, NFCtechnology is utilized in combination with a secondary wirelesstechnology for information access control to a vehicle and/or componentsthereof. Although embodiments disclosed herein are primarily describedin context of NFC technologies as a primary access control mechanism incombination with a short-range wireless technology, such as, but notlimited to, BLUETOOTH, BLUETOOTH low energy, ZIGBEE, or WI-FI, as asecondary access control mechanism, additional embodiments in which boththe primary and the secondary access control mechanisms utilize ashort-range wireless technology, such as, but not limited to, BLUETOOTH,BLUETOOTH low energy, ZIGBEE, or WI-FI are contemplated.

While the subject matter described herein may be presented, at times, inthe general context of program modules that execute in conjunction withthe execution of an operating system and application programs on acomputer system, those skilled in the art will recognize that otherimplementations may be performed in combination with other types ofprogram modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs,components, data structures, computer-executable instructions, and/orother types of structures that perform particular tasks or implementparticular abstract data types. Moreover, those skilled in the art willappreciate that the subject matter described herein may be practicedwith other computer system configurations, including hand-held devices,mobile devices, wireless devices, multiprocessor systems, distributedcomputing systems, microprocessor-based or programmable consumerelectronics, minicomputers, mainframe computers, routers, switches,other computing devices described herein, and the like.

In the following detailed description, references are made to theaccompanying drawings that form a part hereof, and in which are shown byway of illustration specific embodiments or examples. Referring now tothe drawings, in which like numerals represent like elements throughoutthe several figures, example aspects of secondary short-range wirelessassist for wireless-based access control will be presented.

Referring now to FIG. 1, aspects of an operating environment 100 forvarious embodiments of the concepts and technologies disclosed hereinfor secondary short-range wireless assist for wireless-based accesscontrol will be described, according to an illustrative embodiment. Theoperating environment 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes an area 102 to whichphysical access by one or more users 104A-104N (referred to hereingenerally as “users 104”) is to be controlled. The area 102 may be anindoor area or an outdoor area. For example, an indoor area might be abuilding, a temporary structure such as a tent, or an area within abuilding or temporary structure. An outdoor area might be a park, aparking lot, or any other outdoor area. It should be understood that thearea 102 can have any dimensions and is not restricted to areas that maybe purely defined as indoor or outdoor but a combination of indoor andoutdoor areas.

Access to the area 102 may be provided at least in part via one or morearea entryways (shown generally as “area entryway 106”). The areaentryway 106 might be a door, a turnstile, a gate, a revolving door, orthe like. It should be understood, however, that the area entryway 106might not be defined by a physical barrier, and as such, theaforementioned examples should not be construed as being limiting in anyway.

The area entryway 106 may include, may be, or may communicate with anNFC reader 108. The NFC reader 108 may be dedicated to the area entryway106 or may be in communication with a plurality of area entryways thatprovide access to the area 102 and/or a plurality of areas.

The NFC reader 108 includes an inductive circuit that when placed inclose proximity (e.g., within a few centimeters) of another NFC-enableddevice causes the NFC reader 108 and the other NFC device to power-up tofacilitate the transfer of data between the NFC reader 108 and the otherNFC device. In the illustrated embodiment, each of the users 104 isassociated with a mobile device 110, such as one of the mobile devices110A-110N (referred to herein generally as “mobile devices 110”), suchas a smartphone, a tablet device, a portable media player, or a portablevideo game system, and each of the mobile devices 110 includes an NFCcomponent 111, such as one of the NFC components 111A-111N (referred toherein generally as “NFC components 111”) that can transfer data fromthe mobile device 110 to the NFC reader 108. In particular, a user A104A is associated with a mobile device A 110A that includes an NFCcomponent A 111A, a user B 104B is associated with a mobile device B110B that includes an NFC component B 111B, and a user N 104N isassociated with a mobile device 110N that includes an NFC component N111N.

In the illustrated example, the NFC component 111A of the mobile deviceA 110A sends an identifier A 112A to the NFC reader 108 when the NFCcomponent A 111A is placed in close proximity (e.g., within a fewcentimeters) of the NFC reader 108. In response, the NFC reader 108sends the identifier A 112A to an area access control system 114 via alocal area network (“LAN”) 116. The area access control system 114 cancompare the identifier A 112A to one or more identifiers stored in auser database 118. If the area access control system 114 determines thatthe user database 118 stores the identifier A 112A, the area accesscontrol system 114 can cause the area entryway 106 to be traversable bythe user A 104A. For example, the area access control system 114 maycause a locking mechanism to release so as to allow the user A 104Aentry to the area 102 through the area entryway 106. It should beunderstood that the locking mechanism is one non-limiting example, andas such, should not be construed as being limiting in any way.

The LAN 116 may be a wired and/or wireless LAN. The LAN 116 may operateusing one or more Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers(“IEEE”) standards such as IEEE 802.3, IEEE 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g,802.11n, and/or future 802.11 standard (referred to herein collectivelyas “WI-FI”).

In some instances, one or more individuals may follow the user A 104Athrough the area entryway 106. This action is referred to herein as“tailgating.” A tailgating individual may do so maliciously orinnocently; however, tailgating may pose security concerns or riskswhether or not the tailgating is done maliciously. For example, abuilding that requires security clearance may be required to enforce asecurity policy that closely monitors all incoming and outgoingindividuals, which may have different security clearances to the area102 or particular sub-areas of the area 102. As such, a tailgatingindividual may need to be flagged and possibly reprimanded for notproperly entering the area 102 by scanning his or her mobile device atthe NFC reader 108. In some instances, a tailgating individual may beauthorized (i.e., the individual has security clearance) to enter thearea 102, but for one reason or another the individual has decided notto provide his or her authentication credential(s) via the NFC reader108. In other instances the tailgating individual is not authorized toenter the area 102 and is simply trying to circumvent the NFC reader 108to gain access to the area 102—again, the individual may do so with orwithout malicious intent.

In the illustrated example, the user B 104B has tailgated the user A104A through the area entryway 106 into the area 102. After the user A104A, the mobile device A 110A, the user B 104B, and the mobile device B110B enter the area 102, a wireless transceiver 120 located within thearea 102 can generate a request for an additional identifier directed tothe mobile device A 110A and the mobile device B 110B. It should beunderstood that other mobile devices located within the area 102 mayalso receive the request, such that, in effect, the wireless transceiver120 broadcasts the request.

The request for an additional identifier can prompt a wireless componentA 122A of the mobile device A 110A to send an identifier B 112B to thewireless transceiver 120. The request for an additional identifier canalso prompt a wireless component B 122B of the mobile device B 110B tosend an identifier C 112C to the wireless transceiver 120. The wirelesscomponents 122A, 122B and the wireless transceiver 120 can communicateusing a wireless communication technology, such as, for example,BLUETOOTH, BLUETOOTH low energy, ZIGBEE, or WI-FI. The wirelesstransceiver 120 can send the identifier B 112B and the identifier C 112Cto the area access control system 114 via the LAN 116. The area accesscontrol system 114 can utilize the identifier B 112B and the identifierC 112C to determine whether a corresponding identifier of anauthentication pair was received from the NFC reader 108.

In the illustrated example, the identifier C 112C is received from themobile device B 110B, but an identifier was not received from the mobiledevice B 110B at the area entryway 106 via the NFC reader 108. As such,the area access control system 114 determines that the user B 104B hasentered the area 102 through the area entryway 106 without firstscanning the NFC component 111B with the NFC reader 108. In other words,the user B 104B likely tailgated the user A 104A through the areaentryway 106.

In some embodiments, the area access control system 114 can flag theuser B 104B and the associated mobile device B 110B as failing to complywith a policy regarding proper entry into the area 102 by scanning invia the NFC reader 108. The flag may be stored in association with theuser B 104B in the user database 118. It is contemplated that the flagor subsequent flags for a repeat offense may lead to the user B 104Bbeing reprimanded in some way. For example, the user B 104B may bewarned of their policy violation via email, text message, telephonecall, or in-person. A policy violation warning may be sent to the mobiledevice B 110B in time for the user B 104B to correct his or her mistakeof not scanning at the NFC reader 108.

In some embodiments, the wireless component 122A of the mobile device A110A and/or the wireless component 122B of the mobile device B 110B isremotely activated. Remote activation of the wireless components 122A,122B may occur at the area entryway 106, where the NFC reader 108, thearea access control system 114, and/or another device (not shown)generates a wireless component activation signal, which is sent to allor at least a portion of the devices that are within a predefineddistance of the area entryway 106, after all or at least a portion ofthe devices are within the area 102, or when all or at least a portionof the devices are within a communication distance of the wirelesstransceiver 120, wherein the communication distance is dictated by thewireless technology utilized by the wireless transceiver 120. Forexample, BLUETOOTH may have a communication distance of a few feet,whereas WI-FI may have a communication distance of a few hundred feet.

Remote activation of the wireless components 122A, 122B may additionallyor alternatively be based upon a geo-fence defined around the areaentryway 106. The geo-fence may be created by a carrier associated witha wireless wide area network (“WWAN”) for one or more of the users 104at the request of one or more of the users 104 and/or the area accesscontrol system 114. The area access control system 114 can communicatewith the WWAN 124 via a network, such as an internet 126 to receivegeo-fence information, such as, for example, location information thatdefines a perimeter around an area, which may include the area entryway106 and/or the area 102 and potentially some distance away from the areaentryway 106 and/or the area 102. The geo-fence may be defined using alocation-based service provided at least in part via the WWAN 124 usingglobal positioning system (“GPS”) technology, cellular triangulation,WI-FI triangulation, and/or other location determining techniques knownto those skilled in the art.

The WWAN 124 may be or may include a mobile telecommunications networkutilizing one or more mobile telecommunications technologies. The mobiletelecommunications technologies can include, but are not limited to,Global System for Mobile communications (“GSM”), Code Division MultipleAccess (“CDMA”) ONE, CDMA2000, Universal Mobile TelecommunicationsSystem (“UMTS”), Long Term Evolution (“LTE”), and WorldwideInteroperability for Microwave Access (“WiMAX”). Moreover, the WWAN 124may utilize various channel access methods (which may or may not be usedby the aforementioned standards) including, but not limited to, TimeDivision Multiple Access (“TDMA”), Frequency Division Multiple Access(“FDMA”), CDMA, wideband CDMA (“W-CDMA”), Orthogonal Frequency DivisionMultiplexing (“OFDM”), Space Division Multiple Access (“SDMA”), and thelike. Data communications may be provided using General Packet RadioService (“GPRS”), Enhanced Data rates for Global Evolution (“EDGE”), theHigh-Speed Packet Access (“HSPA”) protocol family including High-SpeedDownlink Packet Access (“HSDPA”), Enhanced Uplink (“EUL”) or otherwisetermed High-Speed Uplink Packet Access (“HSUPA”), Evolved HSPA(“HSPA+”), LTE, and various other current and future wireless dataaccess standards. The WWAN 124 may be configured to provide voice and/ordata communications with any combination of the above technologies. TheWWAN 124 may be configured to or adapted to provide voice and/or datacommunications in accordance with future generation technologies.

In addition to or as an alternative to the wireless transceiver 120, thearea 102 can include a physical access control sensor 128. In someembodiments, the physical access control sensor 128 includes a camera.The camera may be monitored by security personnel who can manually flagan individual that did not scan in via the NFC reader 108. The cameracan additionally or alternatively include functionality to enable headdetection for use in detecting the presence of the head of the users 104when the users 104 are within the area 102. The head detection may beaccompanied by a facial recognition technology to identify theindividual(s) associated with the head(s) detected by the camera. Thecamera may additionally or alternatively provide motion sensingfunctionality, which may be utilized to isolate the number ofindividuals within the area 102. The camera may include any number ofimage sensors for taking video and/or still images. Infrared and depthcameras are also contemplated.

The physical access control sensor 128 additionally or alternatively maybe a proximity sensor. The proximity sensor can detect the presence ofone or more users within the area 102 by emitting an electromagneticfield, such as infrared. The maximum detectable distance of theproximity sensor may be selected based upon the dimension of the area102 being monitored.

The physical access control sensor 128 may send output 130 to the areaaccess control system 114. The output 130, in some embodiments, maytrigger the area access control system 114 to cause the wirelesstransceiver 120 to send a wireless component activation signal to one ormore mobile devices within the area in an attempt to receive anidentifier from the mobile device(s). The output 130 or at least aportion thereof may also be correlated with the appropriate user(s) inthe user database 118 for later access, such as further informationregarding the entry and exit trends of the users 104 into and out of thearea 102 via the area entryway 106.

Turning now to FIG. 2, aspects of a method 200 for providing physicalaccess control to an area will be described in detail, according to anillustrative embodiment. It should be understood that the operations ofthe methods disclosed herein are not necessarily presented in anyparticular order and that performance of some or all of the operationsin an alternative order(s) is possible and is contemplated. Theoperations have been presented in the demonstrated order for ease ofdescription and illustration. Operations may be added, omitted, and/orperformed simultaneously, without departing from the scope of theconcepts and technologies disclosed herein.

It also should be understood that the methods disclosed herein can beended at any time and need not be performed in its entirety. Some or alloperations of the methods, and/or substantially equivalent operations,can be performed by execution of computer-readable instructions includedon a computer storage media, as defined herein. The term“computer-readable instructions,” and variants thereof, as used herein,is used expansively to include routines, applications, applicationmodules, program modules, programs, components, data structures,algorithms, and the like. Computer-readable instructions can beimplemented on various system configurations including single-processoror multiprocessor systems, minicomputers, mainframe computers, personalcomputers, hand-held computing devices, microprocessor-based,programmable consumer electronics, combinations thereof, and the like.

Thus, it should be appreciated that the logical operations describedherein are implemented (1) as a sequence of computer implemented acts orprogram modules running on a computing system and/or (2) asinterconnected machine logic circuits or circuit modules within thecomputing system. The implementation is a matter of choice dependent onthe performance and other requirements of the computing system.Accordingly, the logical operations described herein are referred tovariously as states, operations, structural devices, acts, or modules.These states, operations, structural devices, acts, and modules may beimplemented in software, in firmware, in special purpose digital logic,and any combination thereof. As used herein, the phrase “cause aprocessor to perform operations” and variants thereof is used to referto causing a processor of a computing system or device, such as, thearea entryway 106, the NFC reader 108, one or more of the mobile devices110, the area access control system 114, the wireless transceiver 120,and/or the physical access control sensor 128 to perform one or moreoperations and/or causing the processor to direct other components ofthe computing system or device to perform one or more of the operations.

For purposes of illustrating and describing some of the concepts of thepresent disclosure, the methods disclosed herein are described as beingperformed, at least in part, by the area entryway 106, the NFC reader108, one or more of the mobile devices 110, the area access controlsystem 114, the wireless transceiver 120, the physical access controlsensor 128, or a combination thereof, via execution of one or moresoftware modules. It should be understood that additional and/oralternative devices and/or network nodes can provide the functionalitydescribed herein via execution of one or more modules, applications,and/or other software. Thus, the illustrated embodiments areillustrative, and should not be viewed as being limiting in any way.

The method 200 will be described with reference to FIG. 2 and furtherreference to FIG. 1. The method 200 begins at operation 202, where thearea access control system 114 receives a first identifier, such as theidentifier A 112A, from a mobile device, such as the mobile device A110A, via the NFC reader 108. From operation 202, the method 200proceeds to operation 204, where the area access control system 114receives a second identifier, such as the identifier B 112B, from themobile device A 110A via the wireless transceiver 120 of the area 102.From operation 204, the method 200 proceeds to operation 206, where thearea access control system 114 receives a third identifier, such as theidentifier C 112C, from a further mobile device, such as the mobiledevice B 110B, via the wireless transceiver 120 of the area 102.

From operation 206, the method 200 proceeds to operation 208, where thearea access control system 114 determines that the mobile device A 110Ais authenticated to access the area 102 based upon the identifier A 112Aand the identifier B 112B forming an authentication pair. Theauthentication pair can be pre-selected and stored in the user database118 in association with the user A 104A of the mobile device A 110A.

From operation 208, the method 200 proceeds to operation 210, where thearea access control system 114 determines that a fourth identifier wasnot received from the mobile device B 110B via the NFC reader 108. Inresponse, the method 200 proceeds to operation 212, where the areaaccess control system 114 flags the user B 104B and the associatedmobile device B 110B as failing to comply with a policy regarding properentry into the area 102 by scanning in via the NFC reader 108. The flagmay be stored in association with the user B 104B in the user database118. It is contemplated that the flag or subsequent flags for a repeatoffense may lead to the user B 104B being reprimanded in some way. Forexample, the user B 104B may be warned of their policy violation viaemail, text message, telephone call, or in-person.

From operation 212, the method 200 proceeds to operation 214. The method200 ends at operation 214.

Turning now to FIG. 3, a method 300 for remotely activating a wirelesscomponent of a mobile device via a location service will be described indetail, according to an illustrative embodiment. The method 300 will bedescribed with reference to FIG. 3 and FIG. 1.

The method 300 begins and proceeds to operation 302, where a locationservice of a WWAN, such as the WWAN 124, generates a geo-fence aroundthe area 102. The geo-fence may have any dimensions defined around thearea entryway 106. The geo-fence may be created by a carrier associatedwith the WWAN 124 for one or more of the users 104 at the request of oneor more of the users 104 and/or the area access control system 114. Thearea access control system 114 can communicate with the WWAN 124 via anetwork, such as the internet 126, to receive geo-fence information,such as, for example, location information that defines a perimeteraround an area, which may include the area entryway 106 and/or the area102 and potentially some distance away from the area entryway 106 and/orthe area 102. The geo-fence may be defined using a location-basedservice provided at least in part via the WWAN 124 using GPS technology,assisted GPS (“A-GPS”), cellular triangulation, WI-FI triangulation,and/or other location determining techniques known to those skilled inthe art.

From operation 304, the method 300 proceeds to operation 306, where theWWAN location service generates a wireless component activation signal.From operation 306, the method 300 proceeds to operation 308, where theWWAN location service sends the wireless component activation signal toa mobile device, such as one or more of the mobile devices 110, via theWWAN 124. The wireless component activation signal may be sent over avoice channel, a data channel, and/or a signaling channel, for example.

From operation 308, the method 300 proceeds to operation 310, where themobile device receives the wireless component activation signal andactivates a wireless component identified in the wireless componentactivation signal. For example, the wireless component activation signalmay instruct the mobile device A 110A and the mobile device B 110B toactivate the respective wireless components 122A, 122B when the mobiledevice A 110A and the mobile device B 110B cross the geo-fence generatedat operation 302. From operation 310, the method 300 proceeds tooperation 312. The method ends at operation 312.

The wireless component activation signal may distinguish between anumber of available wireless communication technologies. For example,the wireless component activation signal may instruct the mobile deviceA 110A and the mobile device B 110B to activate a BLUETOOTH low energywireless component, a ZIGBEE wireless component, a WI-FI wirelesscomponent, or a combination thereof.

As an alternative to the operations described above, one or more of themobile device 110 may originate the wireless component activation signalin response to instructions received via one or more applicationsexecuting thereon, and/or in response to user input.

Turning now to FIG. 4, a method 400 for remotely activating a wirelesscomponent of a mobile device will be described in detail, according toan illustrative embodiment. The method 400 will be described withreference to FIG. 4 and FIG. 1.

The method 400 begins and proceeds to operation 402, where a mobiledevice, such as the mobile device A 110A, sends an identifier, such asthe identifier A 112A, to the NFC reader 108 when the NFC component ofthe mobile device, such as the NFC component A 111A, is placed withinproximity (e.g., a few centimeters) of the NFC reader 108. Fromoperation 402, the method 400 proceeds to operation 404, where awireless component activation signal is generated. In some embodiments,the NFC reader 108 generates the wireless component activation signal.From operation 404, the method 400 proceeds to operation 406 where thewireless component activation signal is sent to the mobile device A 110Aand potentially one or more other mobile devices, such as the mobiledevice B 110B, via the respective NFC components 111. The NFC reader 108may be prompted to generate the wireless component activation signal bythe area access control system 114. Alternatively, the area accesscontrol system 114 may generate the wireless component activation signaland send the wireless component activation signal to the NFC reader 108via the LAN 116 so that the NFC reader 108 can send the wirelesscomponent activation signal to the mobile device(s). From operation 406,the method 400 proceeds to operation 408 where the mobile device A 110Aand potentially one or more other mobile devices, such as the mobiledevice B 110B, receives the wireless component activation signal andactivates the wireless component. From operation 408, the method 400proceeds to operation 410. The method ends at operation 410.

As an alternative to the operations described above, one or more of themobile device 110 may originate the wireless component activation signalin response to instructions received via one or more applicationsexecuting thereon, and/or in response to user input.

Turning now to FIG. 5, a method 500 for monitoring an area fortailgating activity will be described in detail, according to anillustrative embodiment. The method 500 will be described with referenceto FIG. 5 and FIG. 1.

The method 500 begins and proceeds to operation 502, where the areaaccess control system 114 receives at least one identifier from at leastone mobile device via the NFC reader. Referring briefly to the exampleshown in FIG. 1, the area access control system 114 may receive theidentifier A 112A from the mobile device A 110A via the NFC reader 108.From operation 502, the method 500 proceeds to operation 504, where thearea access control system 114 triggers the physical access controlsensor 128 to monitor the area 102. As described above, the physicalaccess control sensor 128 may include a camera. The camera may bemonitored by security personnel who can manually flag an individual thatdid not scan in via the NFC reader 108. The camera can additionally oralternatively include functionality to enable head detection for use indetecting the presence of the head of the users 104 when the users 104are within the area 102. The head detection may be accompanied by afacial recognition technology to identify the individual(s) associatedwith the head(s) detected by the camera. The camera may additionally oralternatively provide motion sensing functionality, which may beutilized to isolate the number of individuals within the area 102. Thecamera may include any number of image sensors for taking video and/orstill images. Infrared and depth cameras are also contemplated. Thephysical access control sensor 128 additionally or alternatively may bea proximity sensor.

From operation 504, the method 500 proceeds to operation 506, where thearea access control system 114 receives a sensor output, such as theoutput 130. From operation 506, the method 500 proceeds to operation508, where the area access control system 114 determines a number ofusers within the area 102 from the output 130. The method 500 thenproceeds to operation 510, where the area access control system 114compares the number of users determined at operation 508 to the numberof identifiers received at operation 502.

From operation 510, the method 500 proceeds to operation 512, where thearea access control system 114 determines, based upon the comparison atoperation 510, whether the same number of users have been detected asthe number of identifiers have been received. If so, the method 500proceeds to operation 514. The method 500 ends at operation 514. If not,the method 500 proceeds to operation 516.

At operation 516, the area access control system 114 identifies theuser(s) for which an identifier was not received at operation 502. Fromoperation 516, the method 500 proceeds to operation 518, where the areaaccess control system 114 flags the identified user(s). Turning again tothe example shown in FIG. 1, the area access control system 114 can flagthe user B 104B and the associated mobile device B 110B as failing tocomply with a policy regarding proper entry into the area 102 byscanning in via the NFC reader 108. The flag may be stored inassociation with the user B 104B in the user database 118. It iscontemplated that the flag or subsequent flags for a repeat offense maylead to the user B 104B being reprimanded in some way. For example, theuser B 104B may be warned of their policy violation via email, textmessage, telephone call, or in-person.

From operation 518, the method 500 proceeds to operation 514. The method500 ends at operation 514.

Turning now to FIG. 6, aspects of another operating environment 600 forvarious embodiments of the concepts and technologies disclosed hereinfor secondary short-range wireless assist for wireless-based accesscontrol will be described, according to an illustrative embodiment. Theoperating environment 600 shown in FIG. 6 includes a user 602, a mobiledevice 604 associated with the user 602, and a computing device 606. Theuser 602 may desire to access information stored on or that is otherwiseaccessible via the computing device 606, and the computing device 606may require one or more authentication credentials prior to powering on,logging into an operating system, launching an application, or otherwiseallowing the user 602 to utilize the computing device 606. Rather thanmanually enter authentication credentials, the user 602 may utilize themobile device 604, and more particularly, a mobile device NFC component608 and a mobile device wireless communication component 610 to create aconnection with the computing device 606 over which to shareauthentication credentials.

In the example shown in FIG. 6, the mobile device NFC component 608sends an identifier 612 to a computing device NFC component 614 when themobile device NFC component 608 is within proximity (e.g., a fewcentimeters) of the computing device NFC component 614. The identifier612 may include one or more authentication credentials, such as, forexample, a username, a password, a personal identification number,and/or the like, that is required by the computing device 606 to allowthe user 602 to utilize the computing device 606.

In response to receiving the identifier 612 from the mobile device NFCcomponent 608 and assuming the credential(s) contained in the identifier612 are correct, the computing device 606 can establish a connection 616to the mobile device 604. The computing device 606 also initiates acomputing device wireless communication component 618, which generates awireless heartbeat signal (“heartbeat signal”) 620 and sends theheartbeat signal 620 to the mobile device wireless communicationcomponent 610 to maintain the connection 616. Meanwhile, the mobile NFCcomponent 608 and the computing device NFC component 614 can bedisconnected and powered down such that the mobile device 604 can beremoved from proximity (e.g., a few centimeters) to the computing device606 and the connection 616 is still maintained.

In some embodiments, the heartbeat signal 620 is sent periodically witha request for the identifier 612, in response to which the mobile device604 must send the identifier 612 to the computing device 606 via themobile device wireless communication component 610 in order to maintainthe connection 616. The wireless technology utilized to provide theheartbeat signal 620 may be BLUETOOTH, BLUETOOTH low energy, or WI-FI.It should be understood that short-range wireless technologies otherthan NFC are contemplated for the heartbeat signal 620.

In the above-described manner, the user 602 can place his or her mobiledevice 604 in proximity to the computing device 606 to gain access tothe computing device 606 and then remove the mobile device 604 fromproximity to the computing device 606 (e.g., place the mobile device 604back into their pocket). This allows a user to authenticate using NFCtechnology, but eliminates the requirement to maintain proximity betweenthe mobile device 604 and computing device 606 so that, for example, theuser 602 can use their mobile device 604 for other purposes, such asphone calls, surfing the web, using an application, or put the mobiledevice 604 away in a pocket, backpack, bag, or other location that isoutside the operational distance of NFC technology.

Turning now to FIG. 7, a method 700 for information access control to acomputing device will be described, according to an illustrativeembodiment. The method 700 will be described with reference to FIG. 7and FIG. 6.

The method 700 begins and proceeds to operation 702, where a mobiledevice, such as the mobile device 604, sends an identifier, such as theidentifier 612, to a computing device, such as the computing device 606,via NFC. From operation 702, the method 700 proceeds to operation 704,where the computing device 606 verifies the identifier 612 and allows ordenies access based upon the identifier 612.

Assuming the identifier 612 is appropriate for access to the computingdevice 606, at operation 706 the computing device 606 establishes aconnection, such as the connection 616, to the mobile device 604 viaanother wireless communication technology, such as, for example,BLUETOOTH, BLUETOOTH low energy, or WI-FI. The method 700 then proceedsto operation 708, where the computing device 606 generates a heartbeatsignal, such as the heartbeat signal 620, and sends the heartbeat signal620 to the mobile device 604 to maintain the connection 616. Fromoperation 708, the method 700 proceeds to operation 710. The method 700ends at operation 710.

Turning now to FIG. 8, aspects of another operating environment 800 forvarious embodiments of the concepts and technologies disclosed hereinfor secondary short-range wireless assist for wireless-based accesscontrol will be described, according to an illustrative embodiment. Theoperating environment 800 shown in FIG. 8 includes a user 802, a mobiledevice 804 associated with the user 802, and a vehicle 806. The user 802may desire to access the vehicle 806, such as to unlock and/or lock oneor more doors of the vehicle 806, to unlock and/or lock a hood and/or atrunk of the vehicle 806, to open and/or close one or more doors, ahood, and/or a trunk of the vehicle 806, to start and/or stop thevehicle 806, and/or to control one or more operations of the vehicle806, including the control of operations performed by any component(s)of the vehicle 806, which may be mechanical, electrical, orelectro-mechanical, for example.

In the illustrated embodiment, the vehicle 806 includes a vehiclewireless component 808, a vehicle NFC component 810, and a vehicleaccess control system 812. The vehicle wireless component 808 cancommunicate with a device wireless component 814 of the mobile device804 using a wireless communication technology, such as, for example,BLUETOOTH, BLUETOOTH low energy, ZIGBEE, or WI-FI. The vehicle NFCcomponent 810 can communicate with a device NFC component 816 of themobile device 804. The vehicle access control system 812 can communicatewith the vehicle wireless component 808 and the vehicle NFC component810 to receive authentication information provided to the vehicle 806 bythe mobile device 804 so the user 802 can access the vehicle 806 tocontrol one or more operations of the vehicle 806, as will be describedin greater detail below with reference to FIG. 9.

In some embodiments, the vehicle access control system 812 is orincludes an electronic control unit (“ECU”) of the vehicle.Alternatively, the vehicle access control system 812 may be or may beintegrated within a navigation unit, a stereo unit, a media player, agauge cluster, or another component of the vehicle 806. The vehicleaccess control system 812 may be made available from a manufacturer ofthe vehicle 806 as factory-installed equipment, may be made available asdealer-installed equipment, and/or may be made available as aftermarketequipment.

The mobile device 804 can be paired with the vehicle 806 to establish anauthentication pair 818. It is contemplated that the mobile device 804and the vehicle 806 may establish the authentication pair 818 utilizingany pairing mechanism known to those skilled in the art to pair twodevices, including proprietary pairing mechanisms and pairing mechanismsstandardized for technologies such as, but not limited to, BLUETOOTH,BLUETOOTH low energy, ZIGBEE, WI-FI, and NFC. The pairing mechanism mayutilize the vehicle wireless component 808 and the device wirelesscomponent 814, and/or the vehicle NFC component 810 and the device NFCcomponent 816. In some embodiments, the authentication pair 818 includesa hardware identifier, a software identifier, or some combinationthereof.

The vehicle access control system 812 may store the authentication pair818 as shown, and alternatively or additionally may cause theauthentication pair 818 to be stored in another location within thevehicle 806 or at a vehicle access control service 822 accessible by thevehicle 806 via the WWAN 124 and the internet 126, both of which aredescribed in greater detail above with reference to FIG. 1. It should beunderstood that the vehicle 806 may include one or more WWANtransceivers (not shown) for providing the authentication pair 818 tothe vehicle access control service 822 via the WWAN 124 or anothernetwork (not shown).

The embodiment illustrated in FIG. 8 also includes a geo-fence 820. Thegeo-fence 820 may be defined around the vehicle 806 and the mobiledevice 804 before, during, or after the vehicle 806 and the mobiledevice 804 are paired. The geo-fence 820 may be created at least in partby a location service provided by a carrier associated with the WWAN 124at the request of the user 802, the mobile device 804, and/or thevehicle access control system 812. The geo-fence 820 may alternativelybe created by the mobile device 804 and/or the vehicle 806.

After the geo-fence 820 is defined and the mobile device 804 and thevehicle 806 have been paired, the mobile device 804 can be utilized bythe user 802 to access the vehicle 806 to perform one or moreoperations, as will now be described in greater detail below withreference to a method 900 illustrated in FIG. 9.

FIG. 9 is a flow diagram illustrating the method 900 for access controlto a vehicle, such as the vehicle 806, according to an illustrativeembodiment. The method 900 will be described with reference to FIGS. 8and 9. The method 900 begins at operation 902, where the mobile device804 and the vehicle access control system 812 utilize a pairingmechanism, such as a pairing mechanism described above, to establish theauthentication pair 818. The vehicle access control system 812 may thenstore the authentication pair 818 locally and/or send the authenticationpair 818 to the vehicle access control service 822 for remote storage.The mobile device 804 may also store the authentication pair 818.

The user 802 may be required to provide one or more authenticationcredentials, such as, for example, a user name, PIN, password, biometriccredential, or some combination thereof, to access one or moreapplications (not shown) executing on the mobile device 804 thatfacilitate access to the vehicle access control system 812. In someembodiments, the application(s) executing on the mobile device 804 donot require authentication credentials, but do require the mobile device804 to be within a certain distance of the vehicle 806. This distancemay be, for example, within an area defined by the geo-fence 820. Thisdistance may alternatively be a distance dictated by the communicationdistance afforded by the device wireless component 814, the vehiclewireless component 808, the device NFC component 816, and/or the vehicleNFC component 810. In some embodiments, access to some functions of thevehicle 806 are permitted within the geo-fence 820, while others areonly permitted when the user 802 is within the vehicle 806 such that,for example, the device NFC component 816 and the vehicle NFC component810 are in close proximity to facilitate communication via NFCtechnology, such as when the vehicle NFC component 810 is present withinthe vehicle 806.

From operation 902, the method 900 proceeds to operation 904, where thevehicle access control system 812 communicates with a location service,such as a location service provided by the WWAN 124, to establish thegeo-fence 820 around the mobile device 804 and the vehicle 806.Alternatively, the mobile device 804 may communicate with the locationservice to establish the geo-fence 820 around the mobile device 804 andthe vehicle 806. The mobile device 804 and/or the vehicle 806 mayutilize the device wireless component 814 and/or the vehicle wirelesscomponent 808 to establish the geo-fence 820.

From operation 904, the method 900 proceeds to operation 906, where themobile device 804 leaves the geo-fence 820. It is contemplated that whenthe mobile device 804 leaves the geo-fence 820, the location serviceprovided by the WWAN 124 may notify the vehicle access control service822, which, in turn, may instruct the vehicle 806 to enter a mode ofoperation for when the user 802 is not attempting to access the vehicle806. For example, the vehicle 806 may automatically lock a number ofdoors, trunks, and/or hoods, may close one or more windows, and/or maypower off one or more electronics, lights, and/or other components ofthe vehicle 806. It is contemplated that this mode of operation, alongwith other modes of operation of the vehicle 806, may be provided asdefault, created by or for the user 802, or modified by or for the user802.

From operation 906, the method 900 proceeds to operation 908, where themobile device 804 determines a location relative to the geo-fence 820that was pre-established around the mobile device 804 and the vehicle806. The mobile device 804 may determine the location relative to thegeo-fence 820 by using any location determining technique, includingutilizing the location service provided by the WWAN 124 alone or incombination with other techniques, such as GPS.

From operation 908, the method 900 proceeds to operation 910, whereinthe mobile device 804 initiates wireless communication with the vehicle806 via the device wireless component 814 after the mobile device 804enters the geo-fence 820. From operation 910, the method 900 proceeds tooperation 912, where the mobile device 804 authenticates to the vehicleaccess control system 822 using the authentication pair 818 establishedat operation 902.

From operation 912, the method 900 proceeds to operation 914, where thevehicle access control system 812 receives NFC authentication from themobile device 804 to access one or more functions of the vehicle 806.Operation 914 may be an optional authentication operation to allow themobile device 804 access to one or more functions that are not madeaccessible via the authentication performed at operation 912 using theauthentication pair 818. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the NFCauthentication at operation 914 may be required by the vehicle accesscontrol system 812 to access the vehicle 806. In these embodiments, thevehicle NFC component may be built-in to a handle or other exteriorcomponent of the vehicle 806.

From operation 914, the method 900 proceeds to operation 916. The method900 ends at operation 916.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a computer system 1000configured to provide the functionality in accordance with variousembodiments of the concepts and technologies disclosed herein. In someimplementations, the area access control system 114, one or more of themobile device 110, the mobile device 604, the computing device 606, themobile device 804, and/or the vehicle access control system 812 utilizean architecture that is the same as or similar to the architecture ofthe computer system 1000. It should be understood, however, thatmodification to the architecture may be made to facilitate certaininteractions among elements described herein. For example, the areaaccess control system 114 may be modified to include the user database118. Other modifications are contemplated.

The computer system 1000 includes a processing unit 1002, a memory 1004,one or more user interface devices 1006, one or more input/output(“I/O”) devices 1008, and one or more network devices 1010, each ofwhich is operatively connected to a system bus 1012. The bus 1012enables bi-directional communication between the processing unit 1002,the memory 1004, the user interface devices 1006, the I/O devices 1008,and the network devices 1010.

The processing unit 1002 may be a standard central processor thatperforms arithmetic and logical operations, a more specific purposeprogrammable logic controller (“PLC”), a programmable gate array, orother type of processor known to those skilled in the art and suitablefor controlling the operation of the server computer. Processing unitsare generally known, and therefore are not described in further detailherein.

The memory 1004 communicates with the processing unit 1002 via thesystem bus 1012. In some embodiments, the memory 1004 is operativelyconnected to a memory controller (not shown) that enables communicationwith the processing unit 1002 via the system bus 1012. The memory 1004includes an operating system 1014 and one or more program modules 1016.The operating system 1014 can include, but is not limited to, members ofthe WINDOWS, WINDOWS CE, and/or WINDOWS MOBILE families of operatingsystems from MICROSOFT CORPORATION, the LINUX family of operatingsystems, the SYMBIAN family of operating systems from SYMBIAN LIMITED,the BREW family of operating systems from QUALCOMM CORPORATION, the MACOS, iOS, and/or LEOPARD families of operating systems from APPLECORPORATION, the FREEBSD family of operating systems, the SOLARIS familyof operating systems from ORACLE CORPORATION, other operating systems,and the like.

The program modules 1016 may include various software and/or programmodules to perform the various operations described herein, such asthose described with reference to one or more of the methods 200, 300,400, 500, 700. The program modules 1016 and/or other programs can beembodied in computer-readable media containing instructions that, whenexecuted by the processing unit 1002, perform one or more of the methods200, 300, 400, 500, 700, or a portion thereof, described in detail abovewith respect to FIGS. 2-5 and 7. According to embodiments, the programmodules 1016 may be embodied in hardware, software, firmware, or anycombination thereof. Although not shown in FIG. 10, it should beunderstood that the memory 1004 also can be configured to store the userdatabase 118 and/or other data, if desired.

By way of example, and not limitation, computer-readable media mayinclude any available computer storage media or communication media thatcan be accessed by the computer system 1000. Communication mediaincludes computer-readable instructions, data structures, programmodules, or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier waveor other transport mechanism and includes any delivery media. The term“modulated data signal” means a signal that has one or more of itscharacteristics changed or set in a manner as to encode information inthe signal. By way of example, and not limitation, communication mediaincludes wired media such as a wired network or direct-wired connection,and wireless media such as acoustic, RF, infrared and other wirelessmedia. Combinations of the any of the above should also be includedwithin the scope of computer-readable media.

Computer storage media includes volatile and non-volatile, removable andnon-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storageof information such as computer-readable instructions, data structures,program modules, or other data. Computer storage media includes, but isnot limited to, RAM, ROM, Erasable Programmable ROM (“EPROM”),Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (“EEPROM”), flash memory or othersolid state memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (“DVD”),or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magneticdisk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other mediumwhich can be used to store the desired information and which can beaccessed by the computer system 1000. In the claims, the phrase“computer storage medium” and variations thereof does not include wavesor signals per se and/or communication media.

The user interface devices 1006 may include one or more devices withwhich a user accesses the computer system 1000. The user interfacedevices 1006 may include, but are not limited to, computers, servers,personal digital assistants, cellular phones, or any suitable computingdevices. The I/O devices 1008 enable a user to interface with theprogram modules 1016. In one embodiment, the I/O devices 1008 areoperatively connected to an I/O controller (not shown) that enablescommunication with the processing unit 1002 via the system bus 1012. TheI/O devices 1008 may include one or more input devices, such as, but notlimited to, a keyboard, a mouse, or an electronic stylus. Further, theI/O devices 1008 may include one or more output devices, such as, butnot limited to, a display screen or a printer.

The network devices 1010 enable the computer system 1000 to communicatewith other networks or remote systems via a network 1018. Examples ofthe network devices 1010 include, but are not limited to, a modem, aradio frequency (“RF”) or infrared (“IR”) transceiver, a telephonicinterface, a bridge, a router, or a network card. The network 1018 mayinclude a wireless network such as, but not limited to, a Wireless LocalArea Network (“WLAN”) such as a wireless version of the LAN 116, a WWANsuch as the WWAN 124, a Wireless Personal Area Network (“WPAN”) such asprovided via BLUETOOTH technology, a Wireless Metropolitan Area Network(“WMAN”) such as a WiMAX network or metropolitan cellular network.Alternatively, the network 1018 may be a wired network such as, but notlimited to, a Wide Area Network (“WAN”) such as the internet 126, awired version of the LAN 116 such as provided via Ethernet, a wiredPersonal Area Network (“PAN”), or a wired Metropolitan Area Network(“MAN”).

Turning now to FIG. 11, an illustrative mobile device 1100 andcomponents thereof will be described. In some embodiments, the mobiledevices 110, 602, 804 described above with reference to FIGS. 1, 6 and 8can be configured as and/or can have an architecture similar oridentical to the mobile device 1100 described herein in FIG. 11. Itshould be understood, however, that the mobile devices 110, 604, 804 mayor may not include the functionality described herein with reference toFIG. 11. While connections are not shown between the various componentsillustrated in FIG. 11, it should be understood that some, none, or allof the components illustrated in FIG. 11 can be configured to interactwith one other to carry out various device functions. In someembodiments, the components are arranged so as to communicate via one ormore busses (not shown). Thus, it should be understood that FIG. 11 andthe following description are intended to provide a generalunderstanding of a suitable environment in which various aspects ofembodiments can be implemented, and should not be construed as beinglimiting in any way.

As illustrated in FIG. 11, the mobile device 1100 can include a display1102 for displaying data. According to various embodiments, the display1102 can be configured to display various graphical user interface(“GUI”) elements, text, images, video, virtual keypads and/or keyboards,messaging data, notification messages, metadata, internet content,device status, time, date, calendar data, device preferences, map andlocation data, combinations thereof, and/or the like. The mobile device1100 also can include a processor 1104 and a memory or other datastorage device (“memory”) 1106. The processor 1104 can be configured toprocess data and/or can execute computer-executable instructions storedin the memory 1106. The computer-executable instructions executed by theprocessor 1104 can include, for example, an operating system 1108, oneor more applications 1110, such as an NFC application, othercomputer-executable instructions stored in a memory 1106, or the like.In some embodiments, the applications 1110 also can include a UIapplication (not illustrated in FIG. 11).

The UI application can interface with the operating system 1108 tofacilitate user interaction with functionality and/or data stored at themobile device 1100 and/or stored elsewhere. In some embodiments, theoperating system 1108 can include a member of the SYMBIAN OS family ofoperating systems from SYMBIAN LIMITED, a member of the WINDOWS MOBILEOS and/or WINDOWS PHONE OS families of operating systems from MICROSOFTCORPORATION, a member of the PALM WEBOS family of operating systems fromHEWLETT PACKARD CORPORATION, a member of the BLACKBERRY OS family ofoperating systems from RESEARCH IN MOTION LIMITED, a member of the IOSfamily of operating systems from APPLE INC., a member of the ANDROID OSfamily of operating systems from GOOGLE INC., and/or other operatingsystems. These operating systems are merely illustrative of somecontemplated operating systems that may be used in accordance withvarious embodiments of the concepts and technologies described hereinand therefore should not be construed as being limiting in any way.

The UI application can be executed by the processor 1104 to aid a userin entering content, viewing account information, answering/initiatingcalls, entering/deleting data, entering and setting user IDs andpasswords for device access, configuring settings, manipulating addressbook content and/or settings, multimode interaction, interacting withother applications 1110, and otherwise facilitating user interactionwith the operating system 1108, the applications 1110, and/or othertypes or instances of data 1112 that can be stored at the mobile device1100. The data 1112 can include, for example, one or more identifiers,and/or other applications or program modules. According to variousembodiments, the data 1112 can include, for example, presenceapplications, visual voice mail applications, messaging applications,text-to-speech and speech-to-text applications, add-ons, plug-ins, emailapplications, music applications, video applications, cameraapplications, location-based service applications, power conservationapplications, game applications, productivity applications,entertainment applications, enterprise applications, combinationsthereof, and the like. The applications 1110, the data 1112, and/orportions thereof can be stored in the memory 1106 and/or in a firmware1114, and can be executed by the processor 1104. The firmware 1114 alsocan store code for execution during device power up and power downoperations. It can be appreciated that the firmware 1114 can be storedin a volatile or non-volatile data storage device including, but notlimited to, the memory 1106 and/or a portion thereof.

The mobile device 1100 also can include an input/output (“I/O”)interface 1116. The I/O interface 1116 can be configured to support theinput/output of data such as location information, user information,organization information, presence status information, user IDs,passwords, and application initiation (start-up) requests. In someembodiments, the I/O interface 1116 can include a hardwire connectionsuch as USB port, a mini-USB port, a micro-USB port, an audio jack, aPS2 port, an IEEE 13114 (“FIREWIRE”) port, a serial port, a parallelport, an Ethernet (RJ45) port, an RJ11 port, a proprietary port,combinations thereof, or the like. In some embodiments, the mobiledevice 1100 can be configured to synchronize with another device totransfer content to and/or from the mobile device 1100. In someembodiments, the mobile device 1100 can be configured to receive updatesto one or more of the applications 1110 via the I/O interface 1116,though this is not necessarily the case. In some embodiments, the I/Ointerface 1116 accepts I/O devices such as keyboards, keypads, mice,interface tethers, printers, plotters, external storage,touch/multi-touch screens, touch pads, trackballs, joysticks,microphones, remote control devices, displays, projectors, medicalequipment (e.g., stethoscopes, heart monitors, and other health metricmonitors), modems, routers, external power sources, docking stations,combinations thereof, and the like. It should be appreciated that theI/O interface 1116 may be used for communications between the mobiledevice 1100 and a network device or local device.

The mobile device 1100 also can include a communications component 1118.The communications component 1118 can be configured to interface withthe processor 1104 to facilitate wired and/or wireless communicationswith one or more networks such as the network WWAN 124 and/or the LAN116 described herein. In some embodiments, other networks includenetworks that utilize non-cellular wireless technologies such as WI-FIor WIMAX. In some embodiments, the communications component 1118includes a multimode communications subsystem for facilitatingcommunications via the cellular network and one or more other networks.

The communications component 1118, in some embodiments, includes one ormore transceivers. The one or more transceivers, if included, can beconfigured to communicate over the same and/or different wirelesstechnology standards with respect to one another. For example, in someembodiments one or more of the transceivers of the communicationscomponent 1118 may be configured to communicate using GSM, CDMAONE,CDMA2000, LTE, and various other 2G, 2.5G, 3G, 4G, and greatergeneration technology standards. Moreover, the communications component1118 may facilitate communications over various channel access methods(which may or may not be used by the aforementioned standards)including, but not limited to, TDMA, FDMA, W-CDMA, OFDM, SDMA, and thelike.

In addition, the communications component 1118 may facilitate datacommunications using GPRS, EDGE, the HSPA protocol family includingHSDPA, EUL or otherwise termed HSUPA, HSPA+, and various other currentand future wireless data access standards. In the illustratedembodiment, the communications component 1118 can include a firsttransceiver (“TxRx”) 1120A that can operate in a first communicationsmode (e.g., GSM). The communications component 1118 also can include anN^(th) transceiver (“TxRx”) 1120N that can operate in a secondcommunications mode relative to the first transceiver 1120A (e.g.,UMTS). While two transceivers 1120A-N (hereinafter collectively and/orgenerically referred to as “transceivers 1120”) are shown in FIG. 11, itshould be appreciated that less than two, two, and/or more than twotransceivers 1120 can be included in the communications component 1118.

The communications component 1118 also can include an alternativetransceiver (“Alt TxRx”) 1122 for supporting other types and/orstandards of communications. According to various contemplatedembodiments, the alternative transceiver 1122 can communicate usingvarious communications technologies such as, for example, WI-FI, WIMAX,BLUETOOTH, infrared, IRDA, NFC, other RF technologies, combinationsthereof, and the like. The Alt TxRx 1122 can include the NFC component111 and/or the wireless communication component 122.

In some embodiments, the communications component 1118 also canfacilitate reception from terrestrial radio networks, digital satelliteradio networks, internet-based radio service networks, combinationsthereof, and the like. The communications component 1118 can processdata from a network such as the Internet, an intranet, a broadbandnetwork, a WI-FI hotspot, an Internet service provider (“ISP”), adigital subscriber line (“DSL”) provider, a broadband provider,combinations thereof, or the like.

The mobile device 1100 also can include one or more sensors 1124. Thesensors 1124 can include temperature sensors, light sensors, air qualitysensors, movement sensors, orientation sensors, noise sensors, proximitysensors, or the like. As such, it should be understood that the sensors1124 can include, but are not limited to, accelerometers, magnetometers,gyroscopes, infrared sensors, noise sensors, microphones, combinationsthereof, or the like. Additionally, audio capabilities for the mobiledevice 1100 may be provided by an audio I/O component 1126. The audioI/O component 1126 of the mobile device 1100 can include one or morespeakers for the output of audio signals, one or more microphones forthe collection and/or input of audio signals, and/or other audio inputand/or output devices.

The illustrated mobile device 1100 also can include a subscriberidentity module (“SIM”) system 1128. The SIM system 1128 can include auniversal SIM (“USIM”), a universal integrated circuit card (“UICC”)and/or other identity devices. The SIM system 1128 can include and/orcan be connected to or inserted into an interface such as a slotinterface 1130. In some embodiments, the slot interface 1130 can beconfigured to accept insertion of other identity cards or modules foraccessing various types of networks. Additionally, or alternatively, theslot interface 1130 can be configured to accept multiple subscriberidentity cards. Because other devices and/or modules for identifyingusers and/or the mobile device 1100 are contemplated, it should beunderstood that these embodiments are illustrative, and should not beconstrued as being limiting in any way.

The mobile device 1100 also can include an image capture and processingsystem 1132 (“image system”). The image system 1132 can be configured tocapture or otherwise obtain photos, videos, and/or other visualinformation. As such, the image system 1132 can include cameras, lenses,charge-coupled devices (“CCDs”), combinations thereof, or the like. Themobile device 1100 may also include a video system 1134. The videosystem 1134 can be configured to capture, process, record, modify,and/or store video content. Photos and videos obtained using the imagesystem 1132 and the video system 1134, respectively, may be added asmessage content to an MMS message, email message, and sent to anothermobile device. The video and/or photo content also can be shared withother devices via various types of data transfers via wired and/orwireless communication devices as described herein.

The mobile device 1100 also can include one or more location components1136. The location components 1136 can be configured to send and/orreceive signals to determine a geographic location of the mobile device1100. According to various embodiments, the location components 1136 cansend and/or receive signals from GPS devices, A-GPS devices, WI-FI/WIMAXand/or cellular network triangulation data, combinations thereof, andthe like. The location component 1136 also can be configured tocommunicate with the communications component 1118 to retrievetriangulation data for determining a location of the mobile device 1100.In some embodiments, the location component 1136 can interface withcellular network nodes, telephone lines, satellites, locationtransmitters and/or beacons, wireless network transmitters andreceivers, combinations thereof, and the like. In some embodiments, thelocation component 1136 can include and/or can communicate with one ormore of the sensors 1124 such as a compass, an accelerometer, and/or agyroscope to determine the orientation of the mobile device 1100. Usingthe location component 1136, the mobile device 1100 can generate and/orreceive data to identify its geographic location, or to transmit dataused by other devices to determine the location of the mobile device1100. The location component 1136 may include multiple components fordetermining the location and/or orientation of the mobile device 1100.

The illustrated mobile device 1100 also can include a power source 1138.The power source 1138 can include one or more batteries, power supplies,power cells, and/or other power subsystems including alternating current(“AC”) and/or direct current (“DC”) power devices. The power source 1138also can interface with an external power system or charging equipmentvia a power I/O component 1140. Because the mobile device 1100 caninclude additional and/or alternative components, the above embodimentshould be understood as being illustrative of one possible operatingenvironment for various embodiments of the concepts and technologiesdescribed herein. The described embodiment of the mobile device 1100 isillustrative, and should not be construed as being limiting in any way.

Based on the foregoing, it should be appreciated that concepts andtechnologies directed to secondary short-range wireless assist forwireless-based access control have been disclosed herein. Although thesubject matter presented herein has been described in language specificto computer structural features, methodological and transformative acts,specific computing machinery, and computer-readable media, it is to beunderstood that the concepts and technologies disclosed herein are notnecessarily limited to the specific features, acts, or media describedherein. Rather, the specific features, acts and mediums are disclosed asexample forms of implementing the concepts and technologies disclosedherein.

The subject matter described above is provided by way of illustrationonly and should not be construed as limiting. Various modifications andchanges may be made to the subject matter described herein withoutfollowing the example embodiments and applications illustrated anddescribed, and without departing from the true spirit and scope of theembodiments of the concepts and technologies disclosed herein.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method comprising: receiving, by an accesscontrol system comprising a processor, from a device associated with anentryway that provides access to an area, a first identifier received bythe device from a first mobile device associated with a first user;determining, by the access control system, based on the firstidentifier, whether the first user is allowed to physically access thearea; in response to determining that the first user is allowed tophysically access the area, causing, by the access control system, theentryway to be traversable by the first user to allow the first user andthe first mobile device associated with the first user entry to the areathrough the entryway to physically access the area; and after the firstuser and the first mobile device have entered the area through theentryway, causing, by the access control system, a wireless transceiverlocated within the area to send a wireless component activation signal,wherein the wireless component activation signal causes a wirelesscommunication component of the first mobile device associated with thefirst user to activate so as to respond to any requests from thewireless transceiver and further causes a wireless communicationcomponent of a second mobile device associated with a second user toactivate so as to respond to any requests from the wireless transceiver,receiving, by the access control system, from the wireless transceiverlocated within the area, a second identifier and a third identifier,wherein the second identifier is received by the wireless transceiverfrom the wireless communication component of the first mobile deviceassociated with the first user in response to the wireless transceiverbroadcasting a request for an additional identifier after the firstmobile device has entered the area through the entryway, and wherein thethird identifier is received by the wireless transceiver from thewireless communication component of the second mobile device associatedwith the second user in response to the wireless transceiverbroadcasting the request for an additional identifier, determining, bythe access control system, that the first identifier received by thedevice associated with the entryway from the first mobile deviceassociated with the first user and the second identifier received by thewireless transceiver from the wireless communication component of thefirst mobile device associated with the first user constitute a firstauthentication pair, wherein the first authentication pair identifiesthe first user of the first mobile device as being authenticated toaccess the area, determining, by the access control system, that acorresponding identifier from the second mobile device associated withthe second user, which along with the third identifier received by thewireless transceiver from the wireless communication component of thesecond mobile device associated with the second user constitute a secondauthentication pair, was not received from the device associated withthe entryway, and in response to determining that a correspondingidentifier from the second mobile device associated with the second userwas not received from the device associated with the entryway, flagging,by the access control system, the second user and the second mobiledevice.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the device associated with theentryway comprises a near field communication reader.
 3. The method ofclaim 1, wherein flagging the second user and the second mobile devicecomprises storing, in a user database, a flag in association with thesecond user.
 4. The method of claim 1, wherein causing the wirelesstransceiver located within the area to send the wireless componentactivation signal is triggered by output received from a sensor locatedwithin the area.
 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the sensor comprisesa camera.
 6. The method of claim 4, wherein the sensor comprises aproximity sensor.
 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the firstauthentication pair is stored in a user database in association with thefirst user.
 8. An access control system comprising: a processor; and amemory that stores computer-readable instructions that, when executed bythe processor, cause the processor to perform operations comprisingreceiving, from a device associated with an entryway that providesaccess to an area, a first identifier received by the device from afirst mobile device associated with a first user, determining, based onthe first identifier, whether the first user is allowed to physicallyaccess the area, in response to determining that the first user isallowed to physically access the area, causing the entryway to betraversable by the first user to allow the first user and the firstmobile device associated with the first user entry to the area throughthe entryway to physically access the area, and after the first user andthe first mobile device have entered the area through the entryway,causing a wireless transceiver located within the area to send awireless component activation signal, wherein the wireless componentactivation signal causes a wireless communication component of the firstmobile device associated with the first user to activate so as torespond to any requests from the wireless transceiver and further causesa wireless communication component of a second mobile device associatedwith a second user to activate so as to respond to any requests from thewireless transceiver, receiving, from the wireless transceiver locatedwithin the area, a second identifier and a third identifier, wherein thesecond identifier is received by the wireless transceiver from thewireless communication component of the first mobile device associatedwith the first user in response to the wireless transceiver broadcastinga request for an additional identifier after the first mobile device hasentered the area through the entryway, and wherein the third identifieris received by the wireless transceiver from the wireless communicationcomponent of the second mobile device associated with the second user inresponse to the wireless transceiver broadcasting the request for anadditional identifier, determining that the first identifier received bythe device associated with the entryway from the first mobile deviceassociated with the first user and the second identifier received by thewireless transceiver from the wireless communication component of thefirst mobile device associated with the first user constitute a firstauthentication pair, wherein the first authentication pair identifiesthe first user of the first mobile device as being authenticated toaccess the area, determining that a corresponding identifier from thesecond mobile device associated with the second user, which along withthe third identifier received by the wireless transceiver from thewireless communication component of the second mobile device associatedwith the second user constitute a second authentication pair, was notreceived from the device associated with the entryway, and in responseto determining that a corresponding identifier from the second mobiledevice associated with the second user was not received from the deviceassociated with the entryway, flagging the second user and the secondmobile device.
 9. The access control system of claim 8, wherein thedevice associated with the entryway comprises a near field communicationreader.
 10. The access control system of claim 8, wherein flagging thesecond user and the second mobile device comprises storing, in a userdatabase, a flag in association with the second user.
 11. The accesscontrol system of claim 8, wherein causing the wireless transceiverlocated within the area to send the wireless component activation signalis triggered by output received from a sensor located within the area.12. The access control system of claim 11, wherein the sensor comprisesa camera.
 13. The access control system of claim 11, wherein the sensorcomprises a proximity sensor.
 14. The access control system of claim 8,wherein the first authentication pair is stored in a user database inassociation with the first user.
 15. A computer-readable storage mediumhaving instructions stored thereon that, when executed by a processor ofan access control system, cause the access control system to performoperations comprising: receiving, from a device associated with anentryway that provides access to an area, a first identifier received bythe device from a first mobile device associated with a first user;determining, based on the first identifier, whether the first user isallowed to physically access the area; in response to determining thatthe first user is allowed to physically access the area, causing theentryway to be traversable by the first user to allow the first user andthe first mobile device associated with the first user entry to the areathrough the entryway to physically access the area; and after the firstuser and the first mobile device have entered the area through theentryway, causing a wireless transceiver located within the area to senda wireless component activation signal, wherein the wireless componentactivation signal causes a wireless communication component of the firstmobile device associated with the first user to activate so as torespond to any requests from the wireless transceiver and further causesa wireless communication component of a second mobile device associatedwith a second user to activate so as to respond to any requests from thewireless transceiver, receiving, from the wireless transceiver locatedwithin the area, a second identifier and a third identifier, wherein thesecond identifier is received by the wireless transceiver from thewireless communication component of the first mobile device associatedwith the first user in response to the wireless transceiver broadcastinga request for an additional identifier after the first mobile device hasentered the area through the entryway, and wherein the third identifieris received by the wireless transceiver from the wireless communicationcomponent of the second mobile device associated with the second user inresponse to the wireless transceiver broadcasting the request for anadditional identifier, determining that the first identifier received bythe device associated with the entryway from the first mobile deviceassociated with the first user and the second identifier received by thewireless transceiver from the wireless communication component of thefirst mobile device associated with the first user constitute a firstauthentication pair, wherein the first authentication pair identifiesthe first user of the first mobile device as being authenticated toaccess the area, determining that a corresponding identifier from thesecond mobile device associated with the second user, which along withthe third identifier received by the wireless transceiver from thewireless communication component of the second mobile device associatedwith the second user constitute a second authentication pair, was notreceived from the device associated with the entryway, and in responseto determining that a corresponding identifier from the second mobiledevice associated with the second user was not received from the deviceassociated with the entryway, flagging the second user and the secondmobile device.
 16. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15,wherein the device associated with the entryway comprises a near fieldcommunication reader.
 17. The computer-readable storage medium of claim15, wherein flagging the second user and the second mobile devicecomprises storing, in a user database, a flag in association with thesecond user.
 18. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15,wherein causing the wireless transceiver located within the area to sendthe wireless component activation signal is triggered by output receivedfrom a sensor located within the area.
 19. The computer-readable storagemedium of claim 18, wherein the sensor comprises one of a camera or aproximity sensor.
 20. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15,wherein the first authentication pair is stored in a user database inassociation with the first user.